Siduron 环草隆

环草隆

CAS号：1982-49-6
英文名称：Siduron
化学名称：1-（2-甲基环己基）-3-苯基脲；1-（2-Methylcyclohexyl）-3-phenylurea
其他名称：Tupersan，Du Pont1318，H1318
分 子 式：C14H20N2O
分 子 量：232.32

理化性质：原药为白色固体。熔点133-138℃。25℃时蒸汽压5.3×10-4mpa，密度1.08，溶解度：25℃时水中溶解度18mg/L，但在二甲基乙酰胺、二甲基甲酰胺、二氯甲烷和异佛尔酮中均能溶解10%以上。在室温及水中稳定，在酸和减中缓慢分解，无腐蚀性。

毒性：大鼠急性经口LD50>7500mg/kg。大鼠急性吸入LC50（4小时）>5.8mg/L。野鸭和鹌鹑LC50（8小时）>10g/kg（饲料）。鱼毒LC50（96小时）：虹鳟14 mg/L，蓝鳃16 mg/L，水蚤EC50(48小时)18mg/L.

制剂：50%可湿性粉剂，

作用方式及杀草谱：主要用于草坪草种播后苗前处理，防除多数一年生阔叶杂草、莎草科杂草与部分一年生禾本科杂草，持效期可达50天，对杂草的综合防效可达70％以上，对马唐，止血马唐、金色狗尾草和稗草特别有效。是用在草皮上防除一年生禾本科杂草的专用除草剂,用量为2～7kg/ha。

生产工艺：由苯基异氰酸酯与2-甲基苯胺反应生成。

生产情况：由杜邦开发，自1994年由Gowan销售，国内杭州电化集团有限公司生产。

siduron
Herbicide
HRAC C2 WSSA 7; urea

NOMENCLATURE
Common name siduron (BSI, E-ISO, (m) F-ISO, ANSI, WSSA, JMAF)
IUPAC name 1-(2-methylcyclohexyl)-3-phenylurea
Chemical Abstracts name N-(2-methylcyclohexyl)-N'-phenylurea
CAS RN [1982-49-6] Development codes DuPont 1318

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Composition Tech. is >98%. Mol. wt. 232.3 M.f. C14H20N2O Form Colourless crystals. M.p. 133-138 ºC V.p. 5.3 ´ 10-4 mPa (25 °C) KOW logP = 3.8 Henry 6.8 ´ 10-6 Pa m3 mol-1 (calc.) S.g./density 1.08 (25 ºC) Solubility In water 18 mg/l (25 ºC). In dimethylacetamide 367, dimethylformamide 260, ethanol 160, isophorone, dichloromethane 118 (all in g/kg, 25 ºC). Stability Stable up to its melting point and in neutral aqueous solutions. Decomposes slowly in acid and alkaline media. DT50 >>30 d (pH 5, 7, 9, 25 °C).

COMMERCIALISATION
History Herbicide reported by R. W. Varner et al. (Proc. Br. Weed Control Conf., 7th, 1964, p. 38). Introduced by E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Co. (who no longer market it). Marketed by Gowan since 1994. Patents US 3309192 Manufacturers Raschig

APPLICATIONS
Biochemistry Photosynthetic electron transport inhibitor at the photosystem II receptor site. Mode of action Selective herbicide, absorbed by the roots, with translocation in the xylem. Uses Pre-emergence control of Digitaria spp. and annual grass weeds in turf farms, grass seed production, and established turf. Applied at 2.24-10 kg/ha in newly seeded grass and 9-13.45 kg/ha in established turf. Phytotoxicity Bermuda grass and certain bent grasses may be injured when applied pre-emergence. Formulation types WP. Selected products: 'Tupersan' (Gowan)

ANALYSIS
Product analysis by hplc. Residues determined by colorimetry (R. L. Dalton & H. L. Pease, J. Assoc. Off. Agric. Chem., 1962, 45, 377).

MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGY
Oral Acute oral LD50 for rats >7500 mg/kg. Skin and eye Acute percutaneous LD50 for rabbits >5500 mg/kg (maximum feasible dose). Inhalation LC50 (4 h) for rats >5.8 mg/l. NOEL (2 y) for rats 500, dogs 2500 mg/kg diet. ADI Not necessary; non-food uses only. Toxicity class WHO (a.i.) U; EPA (formulation) III (WP)

ECOTOXICOLOGY
Birds Dietary LC50 (8 d) for mallard ducklings and bobwhite quail >10 000 mg/kg diet. Fish LC50 (96 h) for rainbow trout 14, bluegill sunfish 16 mg/l. Daphnia EC50 (48 h) 18 mg/l. Algae EC50 (120 h) for Selenastrum capricornutum 250 mg/l.

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
Plants In studies with 14C-labelled siduron, no metabolites were detected in barley plants after an 8-day absorption period. Soil/Environment In soil, resists leaching. Microbial degradation occurs, DT50 c. 120-150 d; metabolites include methylcyclohexylurea, methylcyclohexylamine, phenylurea and aniline. In water, photolysis DT50 290 d (natural sunlight).