Iminoctadine 双胍辛胺

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双胍辛胺

双胍辛胺 对照品的纯度测定方法 纯度测定的方法按照用途可分为三类,第一类是需用外标对照品的方 法(如色谱法、分光光度法);第二类是依据固有的 动力学特性建立的方法(相溶解度法或差热扫描法);第三类为其他方法。 用第一类方法测定纯度时必须用系统适应性试验进行验证,色谱法常用于杂质的鉴别及定量,其中HPLC法是应用最广泛的色谱方法,常用的方 法还有TLC法、GC法,毛细管电泳法也得到越来越 多的应用。第二类方法为绝对法,用来测定总杂质 的含量。差示量热扫描法正越来越多的用于检测 具有多形结构且构型不同的化合物,同时测定全部 固体杂质的总量。相溶解度法应用较少,可用于共存物的检测(包括异构体)。穿山甲 中药对照药材 TLC法鉴别 121027-200403

中文名称: 双胍辛胺
英文名称: guazatine
中文名称2: N,N'''-(亚氨二-1,8-辛基)双胍(三乙酸盐)
英文名称2: N,N'''-(iminodi-1,8-octanediyl)bisguanidine
分子式: C18H41N7
分子量: 355.66

理化特性
主要成分: 含量:派克定25%水剂,培福朗25%水剂,培福朗3%糊剂。
外观与性状: 原药为固体。
熔点(℃): 143~144.2
饱和蒸气压(kPa): 0.2×10-6(20℃)
闪点(℃): >120
溶解性: 溶于水、部分有机溶剂。
主要用途: 用作农用杀菌剂。

毒理学资料
急性毒性: LD50:300~326 mg/kg(大鼠经口)P09

双胍辛胺:
制剂40%可湿性粉剂(百可得)。25%的水剂、液剂和3%的糊剂(培褚朗、派克定)
作用机理与特点主耍对真菌的类脂化合物的生物合成和细胞膜机能起作用,抑制孢子萌发、芽管伸长、附着胞和菌丝的形成。是触杀和预防性杀菌剂。

应用
适宜作物与安全性
番茄、茄子、芦笋、黄瓜、草莓、西瓜、生菜、菜豆、洋葱等蔬菜类作物以及苹果、柑橘、梨、桃、葡萄、柿子、猕猴桃等果树。在苹果落花后20d内喷雾会造成“锈果”;对芦笋嫩茎会造成轻微弯曲,但对母茎生长无影响。避免将药剂接触玫瑰花(蔷薇)等花卉。对蚕有毒性,喷雾时要注意不要喷到桑树上。不能与强酸或强碱性农药,如波尔多液等混配。

防治对象
双胍辛胺是一种广谱性杀真菌剂,具有触杀和预防作用。对大多数由子囊菌和半知菌引起的真菌病害有狠好的效果。可有效防治灰霉病、白粉病、菌核病、茎枯病、蔓枯病、炭疽病、轮纹病、黑星病、叶斑病、斑点落叶病、果实软腐病、青霉病、绿霉病。还能十分有效地防治苹果花腐病和苹果腐烂病以及小麦雪腐病等。此外,还被推荐作为野兔、鼠类和鸟类的驱避剂。同目前市场上的杀菌剂无交互抗性。

应用技术
喷液量果树每亩人工200~300L,根据果树大小来定,小果树用量低,大果树用量高。蔬菜每亩人工30~501,拖拉机7~l0L,飞机l~2L。施药选早晚气温低、风小时进行,晴夭上午9时至下午5时应停止施药;气温高于280C、空气相对湿度低于6.5%、风速大于每秒5m时停止施药。
双胍辛胺三苯磺酸盐的使用方法马铃薯等推荐使用剂量为200g(a.l.)/hm2,果树、瓜类推荐使用剂量200~400g(a.i.)/hm2。用40%可湿性粉剂1500~2500倍液(有效浓度160~267mg/L)喷雾,可防治葡萄灰霉病,黄瓜白粉病、灰霉病等。甩40%可湿性粉剂1000~l500倍液(有效浓度267~400mg/L)喷雾可防治葡萄炭痕病,柿子炭疸病、白粉病、灰霉病、落叶病,梨黑星病、黑斑病、轮纹病,桃黑星病、灰星病等。用40%可湿性粉剂1000倍液(有效浓度400mg/L)喷雾,可防治西瓜蔓枯病、白粉病、炭疽病、菌核病,草莓炭疸病、白粉病,生菜灰霉病、菌植病,猕猴挑果实软腐病,沣葱灰霉病等。

具体使用方法如下:
(1)防治番茄灰霉病在发病初期或开花初期开始喷药,每隔7~l0d喷1次,连续喷3~4次,每次每亩用40%可湿性粉剂30~50g。
(2)防治苹果斑点落叶病在早期苹果春梢初见病斑时开始喷药,每隔10~15d喷1次,连续喷5~6次。每次用40%可湿性粉剂800~1000倍(有效浓度400~500m.g/L)。
(3)防治柑橘储藏病害挑选当日采摘无伤口和无病斑柑橘,用40%可湿性粉剂1000~2000倍药浓有(效浓度200~400mg/L)浸果lmin,捞出后晾干,单果包装贮藏于室温保存。能有效地防治柑橘青霉病和绿霉病的危害。
(4)防治芦笋茎枯病采笋结束后,留母茎笋田的嫩芽或新种植笋田的嫩芽长至5~lOcm时,每l00L加40%可湿性粉剂100~125g,配制800~1000倍液有(敕浓度400~500mg/L)喷雾或涂茎。开始阶段由于母茎伸出地面的速度比较快,所以需2~3d施药1次。至芦笋嫩枝伸展和拟叶长成期,每l00L水加40%可湿性粉剂l0Og,配制1000倍液有(效浓度400mg/L)喷雾,每隔7d喷1次。

双弧辛胺三乙酸盐使用方法
3%糊剂主要用于治疗苹果树干腐烂病疱。每年早春将病疤彻底刮
除,然后用3%糊剂直接涂于刮干净的患处,玟果要比25%水剂100倍药液涂病疱好。二者使用方法
相似。
(l)苹果树腐烂病用25%水剂250~1000倍液(有效浓度1000~250mg/L)在苹果树休眠期,
钓在三月下旬对全树喷雾1次,使树干和树枝都沾布药液。7月上旬进行第二次施药,用大毛刷蘸取
25%水剂100倍药液,均匀涂抹苹果树干及侧枝,尤其是病疤处,反复涂·抹几次,以确保病疤处药液附着周密。
(2)苹果斑点落叶病用25%水剂1000倍液(有效浓度250mg/L),自病害始发期开始喷药,每隔l0d喷1次,共喷6次,可有效地控制苹果斑点落叶病为害.
(3)芦笋茎核病用25%水剂800倍液(有效浓度310mg/L)自病害始发期施药,每l0~15d喷1次,共喷8次,可有效地控制芦笋茎枯病为害。
(4)小麦腥黑穗病播种前一天用25%水剂拌种。拌种药量为200~300mg/l00kg种子(有效成分50~75g),
(5)高粱黑穗病用25%水剂拌种,拌种药量为200~300ml/l00kg种子有(效成分50~75g)。

霜脲氰:
制剂WP(可湿性粉剂)。

分析方法GC/HPLC。
作用机理与特点主要是阻止病原菌孢子萌发,对侵人寄主内病菌也有杀伤作用。具有保护、治疗和内吸作用,对霜霉病和疫病有效。单独使用霜脲氰药效期短,与保护性杀菌剂混配,可以延长持效期。

应用
适宜作物黄瓜、葡萄、辣椒、马铃薯、番茄等。

防治对象霜霉病和疫病等。
使用方法单独使用推荐剂量为200~250g(a.i.)/hm2。防治黄瓜霜霉病:在黄瓜霜霉病发生之前或发病初期开始喷药,每隔7d喷药1次,连续喷药3~4次。根据黄瓜苗的大小,掌握好喷液量,使上、下叶面均匀沾附药液为好。通常与其他杀菌剂棍用。

 

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iminoctadine
Fungicide
FRAC M7; multi-site: guanidine

  Iminoctadine

NOMENCLATURE
iminoctadine
Common name iminoctadine (BSI, draft E-ISO, (f) draft F-ISO); guazatine* (see notes under Composition); guanoctine* (see notes under Composition)
IUPAC name 1,1'-iminodi(octamethylene)diguanidine; bis(8-guanidino-octyl)amine
Chemical Abstracts name N,N'''-(iminodi-8,1-octanediyl)bisguanidine
CAS RN [13516-27-3] EEC no. 236-855-3

iminoctadine triacetate
IUPAC name 1,1'-iminodi(octamethylene)diguanidinium triacetate
CAS RN [57520-17-9]; [39202-40-9] deleted number Development codes DF 125 (Dainippon)

iminoctadine tris(albesilate)
IUPAC name 1,1'-iminodi(octamethylene)diguanidinium tris(alkylbenzenesulfonate)
Chemical Abstracts name N,N'''-(iminodi-8,1-octanediyl)bisguanidinium tris(dodecylbenzenesulfonate)
CAS RN [169202-06-6] Development codes DF-250 (Dainippon)

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
iminoctadine
Composition The name guazatine* was applied to this structure (BSI, E-ISO, (f) F-ISO) until 1986 (BSI used the name guanoctine* from 1970-1972), but the name now applies to a reaction mixture (see entry under guazatine). Mol. wt. 355.6 M.f. C18H41N7 pKa Strong base

iminoctadine triacetate
Mol. wt. 535.7 M.f. C24H53N7O6 Form Colourless crystals. M.p. 143.0-144.2 ºC V.p. <0.4 mPa (23 ºC) KOW logP = -2.33 (pH 7) (for a.i.) Solubility In water 764 g/l. In ethanol 117, methanol 777 (both in g/l, 25 °C).

iminoctadine tris(albesilate)
Composition The counterion is a mixture of C10 to C13 alkylbenzenesulfonates; weight average corresponds to C12. Mol. wt. 1335 (ave.) M.f. C72H131N7O9S3 (ave.) Form Pale brown, waxy solid (tech.). M.p. 92-96 °C V.p. <1.6 ´ 10-1 mPa (60 °C) KOW logP = 2.05 (pH 7) Solubility In water 6 mg/l (20 °C). In methanol 5660, ethanol 3280, isopropanol 1800, benzene 0.22, acetone 0.55 (all in g/l); insoluble in acetonitrile, dichloromethane, n-hexane, xylene, carbon disulfide and ethyl acetate (20 °C). Stability Stable in alkaline or acidic aqueous media at room temperature.

COMMERCIALISATION
iminoctadine
History Fungicidal properties of its salts were described originally by W. S. Catling et al. (Congr. Plant Pathol., 1st, 1968, p. 27 (Abstr.)), with details given later (Jpn. Pestic. Inf., 1986, No. 49, p. 7).

iminoctadine triacetate
History Introduced by Evans Medical Ltd, developed by Murphy Chemical Ltd (now part of Dow AgroSciences) and introduced in Japan (1983) by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc. Manufacturers Dainippon

iminoctadine tris(albesilate)
History Developed by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc. and reported by E. Adachi and K. Nakajima (Agrochem. Japan, 66, 18 (1995)). First registered in Japan in 1994. Patents US 4659739; EP 155509 Manufacturers Dainippon

APPLICATIONS
Biochemistry Affects the functions of the fungal cell membrane and lipid biosynthesis, at a site different from that of the steroid demethylation inhibiting fungicides. Mode of action Protective fungicide.

iminoctadine triacetate
Uses Fungicide used on cereals as seed treatment (at 3-5 ml/kg seed) or foliar spray against Fusarium, Septoria, Helminthosporium gramineum and Tilletia spp.; on citrus pre-harvest against Alternaria and Penicillium spp.; on apples as a dormant spray (at 0.5-1 kg/ha) against Valsa ceratosperma, or foliar spray (at 0.6-0.9 kg/ha) against Alternaria, Botryosphaeria, Gloeodes or Zygophiala spp. Selected products: 'Befran' (Dainippon); mixtures: 'Befran-Seed' (+ ipconazole) (Kureha, Dainippon)

iminoctadine tris(albesilate)
Uses Fungicide used on fruit, vegetables (at 0.25-0.5 kg/ha), and field crops (at 0.5-1.5 kg/ha) against a wide range of fungal pathogens: scab (Venturia spp.) on apples and pears; scab (Cladosporium spp.) on peaches and Japanese apricots; grey mould on citrus, persimmons, onions, cucumbers, tomatoes and lettuces; powdery mildew on persimmons, water melons, cucumbers and strawberries; anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.) on water melons, tea and kidney beans; Sclerotinia disease on water melons and lettuces; Alternaria blotch, ring rot, blotch, fly speck and sooty blotch on apples; black spot and Physalospora canker on pears; brown rot and Phomopsis rot on peaches; anthracnose (Gloeosporium kaki) and angular leaf spot on persimmons; Botryosphaeria disease on kiwifruit; grey leaf spot on loquats; gummy stem blight on water melons; grey blight and shoot blight (Pestalotia spp.) on tea; stem blight and Stemphylium disease on asparagus; leaf blight on carrots; leaf mould on tomatoes; scab (Fusarium roseum) on wheat; early blight on potatoes; Ramularia leaf spot on sugar beet. Formulation types WP. Selected products: 'Bellkute' (Dainippon)

OTHER PRODUCTS
iminoctadine tris(albesilate)
Mixtures: 'Daipower' (+ captan) (Dainippon); 'Dyemazine' (+ fenhexamid) (Japan) (Bayer CropScience); 'Polybelin' (+ polyoxin B) (Kumiai)

ANALYSIS
Product analysis by hplc. Residues determined by glc after conversion to a pyrimidine derivative or by hplc (Y. Mori et al., Nihon Noyaku Gakkaishi, 1982, 7, 53).

MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGY
iminoctadine
Toxicity class WHO (a.i.) II (classification assigned to iminoctadine on the basis of data for the acetate) EC classification Xn; R21/22| Xi; R36/38| N; R50, R53

iminoctadine triacetate
Oral Acute oral LD50 for rats c. 300, mice 400 mg/kg. Skin and eye Acute percutaneous LD50 for rats c. 1500 mg/kg. A mild skin and mild eye irritant, but not a skin sensitiser. Inhalation LC50 (4 h) for rats 0.073 mg/l air (for 25% liquid formulation). NOEL 0.356 mg/kg daily. ADI 0.0023 mg/kg b.w. (as iminoctadine) Other Not embryotoxic at 8 mg/kg. Not mutagenic in Ames and Rec assays.

iminoctadine tris(albesilate)
Oral Acute oral LD50 for male and female rats 1400, male mice 4300, female mice 3200 mg/kg. Skin and eye Acute percutaneous LD50 for male and female rats >2000 mg/kg. Slight eye and skin irritation (rabbits). Not a skin sensitiser (guinea pigs). Inhalation LC50 for rats 1.0 mg/l. NOEL For rats 0.9 mg/kg daily. ADI 0.0023 mg/kg b.w. (as iminoctadine) Other Negative in Ames, Rec and chromosome aberration tests.

ECOTOXICOLOGY
iminoctadine triacetate
Birds Acute oral LD50 for mallard ducks 985 mg/kg. Fish LC50 (96 h) for carp 200, rainbow trout 36 mg/l. Daphnia LC50 (48 h) 2.1 mg/l. Bees LD50 (oral and contact) >0.1 mg/bee.

iminoctadine tris(albesilate)
Birds Acute oral LD50 for Japanese quail 1827 mg/kg. Fish LC50 (48 h) for rainbow trout 4.5 mg/l, for carp 14.4 ppm. Daphnia LC50 (3 h) for D. carinata >100 ppm. Worms LC50 for earthworms >1000 ppm.

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
iminoctadine triacetate
Soil/Environment Soil DT50 90 d (diluvial sandy loam), 122 d (volcanic ash loamy upland soil), 75 d (colluvial clayey loamy upland soil), 28 d (volcanic ash loamy upland soil).

iminoctadine tris(albesilate)
Soil/Environment Koc 214 453.