Bixafen 联苯吡菌胺(暂定)

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Bixafen 联苯吡菌胺

特征、活性及用途:属吡唑类或酰胺类结构的广谱性杀菌剂,可用于白粉病、锈病、霜霉病等多种病害的防治。
登记与上市情况:计划在2010/2011年投放市场,有望在2010年作为抗性管理的重要手段进入欧洲市场,拜耳预计它的颠峰销售值将达到4.3亿美元。

产品名称: 联苯吡菌胺
英 文 名: Bixafen
化 学 名: N-(3',4'-dichloro-5-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide
N-(3',4'-二氯-5-氟[1,1'-联苯]-2-基)-3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺
CAS 581809-46-3
化学分子式: C18H12cl2F3N3O
分子量:414.21
结 构 式:

用途: 杀菌剂(酰胺类杀菌剂;吡唑类杀菌剂)
用量: 拜耳产品Aviator Xpro(bixafen75g/L+prothioconazole150g/L)用于冬小麦、黑麦和黑小麦,申请用量为1.25L/公顷,大麦1L/公顷。该产品用于控制小麦其他病害中的叶疱病(壳针孢属)和叶锈病。

理化性质:
物理状态:白色粉末
在水中的溶解度,摄氏20度(毫克/升):0.49
在有机溶剂中的溶解度 - 20℃(毫克/升):250000(丙酮),102000(二氯甲烷),32000(甲醇),16000(甲苯)
熔点(℃):146.6
沸点(℃):分解前沸腾
降解点(℃):250
闪点(℃):高度易燃
辛醇 - 水分配系数,pH值为7时,20℃:P:2.00×1003计算; Log P:3.3 @40摄氏度

毒性:
哺乳动物 - 急性经口LD50(毫克/公斤):> 5000(大鼠)
哺乳动物 - 经皮LD50(毫克/公斤体重):> 5000(大鼠)
哺乳动物 - 吸入半致死浓度(毫克/升):5.38(大鼠)
其他哺乳动物的毒性:
ADI - 每日允许摄入量(毫克/ kgbw/日):0.02(大鼠,SF =100)
急性参考剂量 - 急性参考剂量(毫克/公斤.体重/日):0.2(大鼠,SF =100)
AOEL - 可接受的操作风险级别 - 系统(毫克/ 公斤.体重/日):0.13(大鼠,SF =100)
皮肤渗透研究(%):0.7-4.1(与浓度有关)

生态毒性:
哺乳动物 - 急性经口LD50(毫克/公斤):> 5000(大鼠),低毒,
鸟类 - 急性LD50(毫克/千克):>2000年(花脸齿鹑 Colinus virginianus),中等毒性。
鸟类 - 短期摄食(LC50/LD50):>1159毫克/公斤体重/天
鱼 - 急性96小时LC50(毫克/ L):0.095(虹鳟),高毒。
鱼 - 21天慢性NOEC(毫克/升):0.0046(黑头呆鲦鱼)33天
-急性水生无脊椎动物48小时EC50(毫克/ L):1.2(水蚤),中等毒性。
水生无脊椎动物 - 慢性21天NOEC(毫克/升):0.05(水蚤)
沉积物栖息生物 - 慢性28天NOEC,静态水(毫克/升):0.0156(摇蚊属昆虫 Chironomus riparius),中等毒性
沉积物栖息生物 - 慢性28天NOEC,沉积物(毫克/千克):20.0(摇蚊属昆虫 Chironomus riparius),中等毒性
藻类 - 急性72小时EC50,环比增长(毫克/ L):0.097(近头状伪蹄形藻 Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata),中等毒性
蜜蜂 - 急性48小时LD50((微克/蜜蜂):> 100(口服),中等毒性
蚯蚓 - 急性14天LC50(毫克/公斤):> 1000次,中等毒性毒
蚯蚓 - 慢性14天NOEC,复制(毫克/千克):41.5,中等毒性

 

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bixafen

IUPAC: N-(3',4'-dichloro-5-fluorobiphenyl-2-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methylpyrazole-4-carboxamide
CAS: N-(3',4'-dichloro-5-fluoro[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide
Reg. No.: 581809-46-3
Formula: C18H12Cl2F3N3O
Molecular mass (g mol-1): 414.21
Activity: fungicides
Structure:

Bixafen
Formulation and application details: Usually supplied as an emulsifiable concentrate.

Physical and chemical properties:
Physical state: White powder
Solubility - In water at 20oC (mg/L): 0.49
Solubility - In organic solvents at 20oC (mg/L): 250000 (Acetone); 102000 (Dichloromethane); 32000 (Methanol); 16000 (Toluene)
Melting Point (oC): 146.6
Boiling Point (oC): Decomposes before boiling
Degradation point (oC): 250
Flashpoint (oC): Not highly flammable
Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20oC :
P : 2.00 X 1003 Calculated
Log P : 3.3 @ 40 DegC

Usage:
Bixafen is classified under succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors and pyrazole-carboxamides. This fungicide was specifically developed for the control of fungi under Ascomycotina, Basidiomycotina and Deuteromycotina infecting cereals, such as Septoria tritici [Mycosphaerella graminicola], Puccinia triticina [Puccinia recondita], Puccinia striiformis, Oculimacula spp. and Pyrenophora tritici-repentis in wheat, and Pyrenophora teres, Ramularia collo-cygni, Rhynchosporium secalis, Puccinia hordei and physiological leaf spot in barley. Bixafen also has highly favourable toxicological and ecotoxicological profiles.

Application rate:
Bayer's product Aviator Xpro(bixafen75g/L+prothioconazole150g/L)is used in control of winter wheat, rye and triticale, application rate is 1.25L / ha, barley 1L / ha. The product is used to control other diseases in the wheat leaf blister disease (Septoria) and leaf rust.

Toxicity:
Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg/kg): > 5000 (Rat)
Mammals - Dermal LD50 (mg/kg body weight):> 5000 (Rat)
Mammals - Inhalation LC50 (mg/L): > 5.38 (Rat)
Other Mammal toxicity endpoints :
ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg/kgbw/day): 0.02 (Rat, SF=100)
ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg/kgbw/day): 0.2 (Rat, SF=100)
AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg/kgbw/day): 0.13 (Rat, SF=100)
Dermal penetration studies (%): 0.7-4.1 (concentration dependant)

ECOTOXICOLOGY:
Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg/kg): > 5000 (Rat),Low toxicity
Birds - Acute LD50 (mg/kg): > 2000 (Colinus virginianus), Moderate toxicity.
Birds - Short term dietary (LC50/LD50): > 1159 mg/Kg BW/day
Fish - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg/L): 0.095 (Oncorhynchus mykiss),High toxicity.
Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg/L): 0.0046 (Pimephales promelas) 33days
Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC50 (mg/L): 1.2 (Daphnia magna), Moderate toxicity.
Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg/L): 0.05 (Daphnia magna)
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg/L): 0.0156 (Chironomus riparius), Moderate toxicity
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg/kg): 20.0 (Chironomus riparius),Moderate toxicity
Algae - Acute 72 hour EC50, growth (mg/L): 0.097 (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata),Moderate toxicity
Honeybees - Acute 48 hour LD50 ((μg/bee) : > 100 (Oral),Moderate toxicity
Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC50 (mg/kg):> 1000, Moderate toxicity
Earthworms - Chronic 14 day NOEC, reproduction (mg/kg): 41.5, Moderate toxicity